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Are you sure there's no external adjuster?
I just did this today but took it all down as you showed so I could inspect the shoes, axle seals, and backing plates while I was at it. I ended up cleaning things up and using rustoleum on the backing plates that are starting to show some rust.
My previous SUV was a Trailblazer with the same type of e-brake setup. The adjustment was done from the inside of the vehicle at the parking brake lever. There was a ratcheting mechanism that you depressed with a screwdriver, then cycled the handle three times repeating as necessary.