Sunlit, Thank you.
Since my post yesterday, I have worked on it a little more. Using a Snap On fuel pressure gauge, I found that I am only getting 45psi of fuel pressure with the engine running. As soon as I shut the truck off, the fuel pressure goes to 0. If I cycle the key without starting the engine, the pressure builds to 55psi with the pump running. As soon as the pump shuts off, the pressure instantly falls to zero.
At first I thought that the pump wasn't making enough fuel pressure with the engine running, but my two other Tahoes only build to 55psi upon cycling the key and keep a constant 47-50 psi with the engine running. The difference is that when you shut the key off in them the fuel pressure holds 55psi for a good 15-20 mins before it even begins to bleed down.
Here is my next idea.
Today I am going to get 2 line clamps at the parts house. Then I will jump the fuel pump relay to make it build pressure and install the line clamps on the soft portions of the fuel lines near the transmission. I should then be able to turn off the fuel pump and have it isolated from the engine. If I loose fuel pressure on the engine side then I will know that the spider or fuel pressure regulator is bad. If i don't loose fuel pressure then I will know that the check valve in the tank is bad.
I updated the spider 80,000 mi ago and the fuel pump is only a year and a half old. Fuel filter was changed when I swapped to the manual trans a couple months ago. Both were dealership purchased parts. so perhaps the fuel pressure regulator is the cause? It's the only thing I haven't changed.
I'm thinking that whatever is causing the pinging/detonation/cylinders5,7 lean; has something to do with my fueling issue. The truck actually runs fine until I start to pull a grade or a heavy trailer. Maybe the fuel pump isn't making enough pressure to supply the engine under load.
Any other ideas?