As others have mentioned, ground wires are key. My 04 Denali has 200k on it and a while back started doing everything you described and more...hit bump and error messages pop up, locks cycle, gauges quit working, engine going into limp mode, battery drain, etc.
I replaced a bunch of things including remanufactured instrument cluster, battery &TPS. Didn't fix a thing. I then took it to a GMC dealership who replaced every ground wire on vehicle. I think 5 or 6 straps replaced but can't remember exactly. That seemed to fix most issues but would still have gauge cluster intermittent problems...cluster lights not working, some gauges freaking out over bumps and loss of all display features.
Back to the shop and the diagnosis was bad pig tail harness plug behind instrument cluster. It was replaced and now my Yukon is fun to drive.
I was very frustrated and finding the two main issues was gratifying. I know many of these vehicles have the same issues so hopefully this may help others.
Cheers,