Aftermarket fuel pump failure?

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Matthew Jeschke

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I HAVE to know EXACTLY what failed on my truck so it won't happen again and strand me in a remote location of the mountains I use my truck in. Any additional thoughts are appreciated!

Symptom: failure #1 driving slow speed (low power) for some time. Engine leaned out and stalled. Waited one hour, engine started no problem and ran fine. Failure #2 cruising on highway at 75mph engine leaned out and stalled. Waited 20 minutes drove 1/4 mile and same effect. Waited hour, still wouldn't start. Waited 2 hours still wouldn't start. Waited overnight started and ran like a top. On second failure I was able to hookup my tuning suite as well as wideband (although connector broke to log the wideband) while waiting for tow truck and diagnose a bit. The AFR starts at around stoichiometric (14.7:1) if I try to move the vehicle it leans out and stalls right away. If I let it idle it would go from 14.7:1... onto 20:1 then stall. I assumed rail was getting pressurized but pump couldn't keep up with demand. Oh and also cannot smell gas out exhaust when trying to start and it won't.

I bought a AEM 50-1200. My engine is a LQ9 (built no doubt) but assuming power on low end is 350hp factory for that engine that comes stock with a 140LPH pump. Pump I have is a 340LPH pump. Excess fuel pump flows gets returned to the tank.

Boiling Fuel? One consideration buying pump was that it didn't flow too much, and boil fuel. If return sends too much fuel back to tank it will sync temperature with engine in tank and boil the fuel. I called AEM when I bought pump and they thought would be appropriate size for my truck (I see other people using same pump on similar builds). I also called and asked same question when having issues. They thought of that but leaned towards a defective pump.

Bad Regulator: I have a brand new 57psi regulator and return style rail. When had issue I pulled the reference line off intake and tried to start it. Didn't work. No fuel coming out of regulator reference line either. Tapped on regulator (thought maybe stuck) no effect. Am told when the regulator fails it creates a rich condition.

Sticky Injectors: no trouble codes are tripped. Problem is intermittent. When running correctly I can log data in my tuning suite and all trims are spot on. Engine runs PERFECTLY smooth.

Electrical: swapped relays around under hood. No blown fuses. Battery voltage is correct, 12.6V (assuming alternator good as result ~ dash shows 14V when running). No blown fuses (checked ignition) and all others.

Hot pump: I tried to feel if pump was hot. I reached up top of the tank and felt the connector as best I could, seemed normal. Felt the relays and fuse under hood no hotter than expected. I also felt under tank near pump sending unit. Felt normal (unsure if that would give any idea though).

Pump Sound: pump sounded a bit labored when I turned ignition on after failure #2. I have a bit of an odd smell too. Cannot tell where the smell is coming from. I want to say it's an electrical smell but cannot say for 100% certain. The harnesses are all good though and I upgraded to 12 gauge wire.

Sending unit pump hose clamps: I was sold screw type clamps. Didn't occur to me those can loosen over time. When I diagnose / swap parts in tank I am switching to clamp style. However, don't think clamps are issue as that would be a 100% no start condition.

I suspect it's a bad pump so does AEM but I don't have a means to verify it's the pump before I hit the road again.
 
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Matthew Jeschke

Matthew Jeschke

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Spent an hour idling truck in garage to try and recreate failure. Not sure how accurate my fuel pressure gauge is... However seems when I put in my new regulator in I verified 57 PSI KOEO. I'm getting 52 KOEO right now.

There's also a weird noise in the fuel line when I hotwire the pump with my power probe. It's resonating through the whole fuel rail.

When I start the truck I don't hear that noise in the line set. It's like a squeaking noise. It's so loud you can hear it w/o the stethoscope.
 

Donal

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When you did the entrained air evaluation, did you have many bubbles? Remember this test needs to be done with engine off and fuel pump powered separately. Capture the discharge in a clear container.
 
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Matthew Jeschke

Matthew Jeschke

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I tried it both ways. Engine off and engine on (reference disconnected). Engine off was 5 PSI lower than the regulator 52 versus 57 PSI regulator.

I have a discharge button for my fuel pressure meter. It was clear (all air removed from hose) when I performed test.

I didn't think to see if the rail had more bubbles after doing KOEO test.

I wonder if the hose collapsed in the sending unit. I had a hard time working with the style hose the sold me:



The stuff didn't like to bend when put in the sending unit. I wonder if the bends were too tight.

I'm going to install new pump with corrugated hose. Anybody know the part number that fits GM sending unit? The pump connection is 8mm 0.315. That hose I bought is 5/16" and fit the sending unit and the pump.
 
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Matthew Jeschke

Matthew Jeschke

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Cut the pump apart, cut the filter apart, took apart the regulator. Couldn't find anything that stood out to me as an issue. Pump is a FREAKING tank. VERY well built.

AEM is sending me a new pump regardless. I also found corrugated submersible fuel hose and pinch ear clamps (last post).

I have a new theory. It didn't blow any fuses. However, if the connection from battery to fuse because high resistance (is failing) it would exhibit the same symptoms. Fall in voltage, fall in pump pressure. When new pump comes I can confirm with a voltage drop test.

Anybody else rig up a small stand alone relay and fuse under the hood? I've a second project to install electric fans. I've chosen to go with a factory fuse block for that. However, I think I really do need an aftermarket fuse block for some of these upgrades, like the pump.

Any suggestions?


20250219_190413.jpg
 
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Matthew Jeschke

Matthew Jeschke

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Today I went out for about 15 minutes... Inspected and blew out the fuel lines. No issues there. All O-rings are good in the hoses too.

Friend mentioned possibly a bad sensor?

- Crank & Cam sensors are good (creates engine code if they are off and or I'd presume misfiring)
- TPS, MAP, MAF, & IAT. MAF has an engine code if wire breaks so don't think it's that.

I know enough to be dangerous here.

What sensor failures could create a lean condition, induce a stall, and not trip an engine code at the same time?


MAP I don't know what it'd do but collected data and it seemed to reference cells correctly in VE table during issue.
MAF I know will trip a code if it falls out.
TPS no clue if that would even effect fueling. Dynamic Airflow and Speed Density don't reference the throttle for fuel.
IAT would be wrong fuel mass if that's bad, could lean it out I think?

What systems does the P59 (our PCM) not monitor / have DTC codes for?
 
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exp500

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What systems does the P59 (our PCM) not monitor / have DTC codes for?
This and fuel pump relay control my best guess. I don't have your diagrams to study. Fuel pump pressure is also another variable on return line systems like yours. Pump should easily build both flow and pressure, and only in the top 10-20 percent or so need more.
 
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Matthew Jeschke

Matthew Jeschke

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I went through the DTC list in HP tuners and noticed, there are two DTC codes for Fuel pump.

P0230 (DTC enabled in PCM) - Fuel pump primary circuit
P1221 (DTC disabled in PCM) - Fuel pump secondary circuit low

Not sure how these are implemented as there's no feedback on the fuel pump power line, other than maybe the relay coil. I assume Fuel pump secondary circuit is if you have two pumps? Either way, the secondary DTC wasn't enabled.
 

exp500

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P0230 (DTC enabled in PCM) - Fuel pump primary circuit
P1221 (DTC disabled in PCM) - Fuel pump secondary circuit low
What does the FSM say for troubleshooting these codes?
My guess is a run time percent or factor. But it may be for dual tank versions.
 

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