By the time the P01 / P59 pcms came into use, there have always been two different octane tables, low and high.
If the 4.8L had both tables written identically, then that would effectively be the same as having one table, which would make the above argument true.
Since 4.8L V8s are 'dumb', I've never bothered to look at them, so I frankly cannot speak of them.
That said, if there effectively is only one spark timing table that treats both fuels identically, the engine cannot fully utilize higher octane fuel; however that does not mean higher octane fuel itself behaves exactly the same as lower octane fuel.
Unfortunately, again, no objective way to know without proper testing to weed out subjective biases.
I do know that Gen3 & Gen4 5.3L & 6.0L V8s, as well as Gen4 6.2L V8s, have low and high octane tables that are written differently, and that those engines, with or without flex capability, use BOTH tables in tandem to determine how much timing to apply in any split second.
In other words, if you have a 5.3L or larger V8, and you plan on doing anything that could be construed as working or playing hard with your engine, it would be wise to use higher octane fuel if you can afford it.